Group urges Zambia to withdraw, revise cybersecurity bills over press freedom fears

The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) has called on the Zambian government to withdraw and revise the Cyber Security Bill 2024 and the Cyber Crimes Bill 2024, warning that the proposed laws pose a significant threat to press freedom.

In a letter addressed to Home Affairs and Internal Security Minister, Jack Mwiimbu, and Technology and Science Minister, Felix Mutati, CPJ urged a comprehensive review of the bills to prevent the criminalization of journalism.

Angela Quintal, CPJ’s Africa Program Head, stated that while the bills contain some important provisions, several clauses could severely undermine freedom of expression.

She cited provisions in the Cyber Crimes Bill that criminalise the dissemination of false information that damages reputations or causes public ridicule, warning that such laws could be weaponized against critical journalism.

Read more: ‘Why the rush?’ Civil societies urge withdrawal of cyber security, anti-terrorism bills, seek broader consultations

The letter also raised concerns about expanded powers for law enforcement, allowing searches and seizures of electronic devices beyond court warrants if officers have “reasonable grounds” to believe relevant information is stored on them.

“We echo the concerns of Zambia’s Chapter One Foundation that these provisions could undermine constitutional rights to privacy,” Quintal said.

She further highlighted that the bills could grant authorities unchecked access to sensitive information, including confidential sources, jeopardising journalists’ ability to protect whistleblowers.

Additionally, CPJ warned that the criminalization of “unauthorized disclosure” and possession of “critical information” lacks adequate public interest safeguards.

The broad definition of critical information—encompassing public safety, health, economic stability, and national security—raises fears that investigative journalism could be stifled.

“These concerns demonstrate that the bills, in their current form, fall short of President Hichilema’s promises to uphold press freedom,” Quintal said.

CPJ urged the government to withdraw the bills from the National Assembly and initiate an inclusive, consultative process to ensure they protect, rather than restrict, freedom of expression and press freedom.

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